lme4: Linear Mixed-Effects Models using 'Eigen' and S4

Fit linear and generalized linear mixed-effects models. The models and their components are represented using S4 classes and methods. The core computational algorithms are implemented using the 'Eigen' C++ library for numerical linear algebra and 'RcppEigen' "glue".

Version:	1.1-36
Depends:	R (≥ 3.6.0), Matrix, methods, stats
Imports:	graphics, grid, splines, utils, parallel, MASS, lattice, boot, nlme (≥ 3.1-123), minqa (≥ 1.1.15), nloptr (≥ 1.0.4), reformulas (≥ 0.3.0)
LinkingTo:	Rcpp (≥ 0.10.5), RcppEigen (≥ 0.3.3.9.4), Matrix (≥ 1.2-3)
Suggests:	knitr, rmarkdown, MEMSS, testthat (≥ 0.8.1), ggplot2, mlmRev, optimx (≥ 2013.8.6), gamm4, pbkrtest, HSAUR3, numDeriv, car, dfoptim, mgcv, statmod, rr2, semEff, tibble, merDeriv
Published:	2025-01-11
DOI:	10.32614/CRAN.package.lme4
Author:	Douglas Bates [aut] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8316-9503>), Martin Maechler [aut] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8685-9910>), Ben Bolker [aut, cre] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-0443>), Steven Walker [aut] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4394-9078>), Rune Haubo Bojesen Christensen [ctb] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4494-3399>), Henrik Singmann [ctb] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4842-3657>), Bin Dai [ctb], Fabian Scheipl [ctb] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-3603>), Gabor Grothendieck [ctb], Peter Green [ctb] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-9852>), John Fox [ctb], Alexander Bauer [ctb], Pavel N. Krivitsky [ctb, cph] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-3362>, shared copyright on simulate.formula), Emi Tanaka [ctb] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-259X>), Mikael Jagan [ctb] (<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3542-2938>)
Maintainer:	Ben Bolker <bbolker+lme4 at gmail.com>
BugReports:	https://github.com/lme4/lme4/issues
License:	GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)]
URL:	https://github.com/lme4/lme4/
NeedsCompilation:	yes
Citation:	lme4 citation info
Materials:	NEWS ChangeLog
In views:	Econometrics, Environmetrics, MixedModels, Psychometrics, SpatioTemporal
CRAN checks:	lme4 results

Documentation:

Reference manual:	lme4.pdf
Vignettes:	lme4 performance tips (source, R code) Computational Methods (source, R code) Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models using lme4 (source, R code) PLS vs GLS for LMMs (source, R code)

Downloads:

Package source:	lme4_1.1-36.tar.gz
Windows binaries:	r-devel: lme4_1.1-36.zip, r-release: lme4_1.1-36.zip, r-oldrel: lme4_1.1-36.zip
macOS binaries:	r-release (arm64): lme4_1.1-36.tgz, r-oldrel (arm64): lme4_1.1-36.tgz, r-release (x86_64): lme4_1.1-36.tgz, r-oldrel (x86_64): lme4_1.1-36.tgz
Old sources:	lme4 archive

Reverse dependencies:

Reverse depends:	afex, agRee, arm, bapred, BClustLonG, blme, cAIC4, carcass, cgam, CLME, dfmeta, eirm, gamm4, glmertree, glmmPen, GLMMRR, gtheory, influence.ME, ISLET, jlctree, lme4breeding, LMERConvenienceFunctions, lmerTest, longpower, macc, MargCond, marked, MEMSS, merDeriv, merTools, mixAK, MixRF, mlma, mlmRev, MultisiteMediation, mvMISE, panelr, pbkrtest, pedigreemm, predictmeans, predint, r2mlm, robustBLME, robustlmm, sae, simr, SPCDAnalyze, structree, vcPB, WebPower, WeMix
Reverse imports:	abn, actuaRE, agriutilities, AgroR, altmeta, ANCOMBC, ARTool, attrib, autoMrP, bayesammi, BayesCACE, BayesLN, BayesSenMC, baystability, BCClong, benchdamic, BFpack, blmeco, boot.pval, BradleyTerry2, breakaway, brokenstick, buildmer, car, catalytic, ceas, censcyt, chngpt, CIMPLE, cito, ciTools, CleaningValidation, climwin, clinicalsignificance, clintools, clustTMB, ComBatFamQC, CompositeReliability, compositeReliabilityInNestedDesigns, confintROB, conversim, cpr, CR2, crctStepdown, CRTspat, cv, cvms, dataquieR, daySupply, DClusterm, demic, designr, DHARMa, diagmeta, diffcyt, difR, dmlalg, doremi, doseR, dreamlet, eatRep, EdSurvey, eefAnalytics, effects, epr, EQUALSTATS, ESTER, evolvability, ez, faraway, fastFMM, faux, fence, finalfit, fishmethods, fullfact, galamm, gammi, geeasy, geex, GeoDiff, glm.predict, glmm.hp, GLMMcosinor, glmmEP, glmmSeq, glmmTMB, GLMpack, gorica, grafify, gvcR, HDANOVA, HeritSeq, ib, iccbeta, iccmult, IDmeasurer, IMAS, IMTest, inferference, INLAjoint, INSPECTumours, inti, intRvals, isni, IVAS, jlmerclusterperm, joineRML, jomo, jstable, JWileymisc, KenSyn, konfound, lefko3, LEGIT, likelihoodR, LKT, LongDat, longsurr, LSAmitR, Maaslin2, MAGNAMWAR, manymodelr, MBECS, mbest, MCM, MDMR, MECfda, mecor, MedianaDesigner, mediation, meta, metadeconfoundR, metamicrobiomeR, metamisc, metan, metaplus, MethodCompare, MF.beta4, micemd, MIGEE, MiRKAT, misty, mixedbiastest, MixedPsy, MLID, mlmhelpr, mlmpower, mlmtools, MLMusingR, mlVAR, MMeM, modnets, msqrob2, MSstats, MSstatsTMT, mult.latent.reg, multid, multiDimBio, multilevelmod, multilevelTools, MultiRR, multisite.accuracy, multitool, multpois, muscat, mxnorm, netmediate, omics, pamm, partR2, pastaPlot, PBImisc, pcgen, pcvr, pdR, PepSetTest, peramo, Phenotype, PhenStat, PheVis, phoenics, phyr, piecewiseSEM, plgraphics, PLmixed, pmm, POMA, PoolTestR, powerbydesign, pprof, PrevMap, projpred, psfmi, PStrata, PSweight, psycModel, ptmixed, PUMP, pvca, pwlmm, pwr4exp, qape, qra, quest, rADA, raincin, Rcmdr, RcmdrPlugin.TeachStat, refund, refund.shiny, reghelper, registr, regplot, REndo, repmod, reproducer, rewie, rexposome, RLRsim, rockchalk, rosetta, rpql, rptR, rr2, RRreg, rsq, rstanarm, rties, RVAideMemoire, saeczi, samplr, SBMTrees, sdmTMB, semEff, ShinyItemAnalysis, SIAmodules, SignacX, siland, SimplyAgree, skpr, smicd, snm, SoyNAM, spAbundance, specr, splithalf, spOccupancy, spsurvey, squid, stabiliser, stability, standardize, statgenGxE, statgenSTA, stevemisc, SumcaVer1, Surrogate, surrosurv, svylme, swaprinc, swCRTdesign, TcGSA, trace, treekoR, trouBBlme4SolveR, tukeytrend, unmarked, VAJointSurv, variancePartition, varTestnlme, VCA, VetResearchLMM, vglmer, warpMix, weights, welchADF, ZLAvian
Reverse suggests:	AgreementInterval, agridat, AICcmodavg, ANOM, aod, aods3, autonomics, autoReg, bartCause, BayesFactor, bayestestR, BGData, brms, brolgar, broom, broom.helpers, broom.mixed, bruceR, cardx, catdata, catregs, clubSandwich, codebook, correlation, ctsem, DAAG, DAPAR, datawizard, dlnm, doBy, dominanceanalysis, domir, dscore, ecostats, effectsize, EgoCor, embed, emmeans, Epi, epimdr, epimdr2, equatiomatic, eyetrackingR, finetune, flexmix, flextable, FRK, gamair, ggeffects, gglm, ggResidpanel, ggstatsplot, glmglrt, glmmML, glmulti, gmodels, gratia, gtsummary, hamlet, HelpersMG, HLMdiag, hmclearn, hnp, HSAUR, HSAUR2, HSAUR3, huxtable, ICCbin, injurytools, insight, interactions, ipmr, irtrees, jlme, jointest, jtools, KFAS, kyotil, languageR, latrend, lava, lavaSearch2, LegATo, likelihoodAsy, lmeInfo, lmeresampler, lmfor, LMMstar, longmixr, lucid, lvmisc, marginaleffects, margins, MAST, matrixset, MESS, metadat, metafor, metarep, MethComp, mice, miceadds, mitml, mixlm, mlpwr, mlr3pipelines, mmrm, MOCHA, modelbased, modelfactory, modelsummary, multcomp, multilevelcoda, MuMIn, NHSRdatasets, OlinkAnalyze, OnAge, OpenMx, ordinal, pan, papaja, parameters, pda, performance, permutes, pez, phia, polypoly, postHoc, psych, purge, R2admb, r2glmm, randRotation, RcmdrPlugin.NMBU, rdss, reformulas, report, RESI, rfars, rmcorr, RoBMA, samplingDataCRT, sandwich, SARP.compo, SASmixed, scicomptools, ScottKnott, see, sense, shinybrms, simglm, SimSurvey, singcar, sjPlot, sjstats, sjtable2df, sleev, slim, spaMM, sparsenetgls, splatter, stan4bart, supernova, tableone, tidybulk, tidyfit, tidyLPA, tidystats, tidytof, tidytreatment, tram, tramME, TripleR, TukeyC, ZIBR
Reverse enhances:	biometryassist, immer, LAM, memisc, papeR, prediction, stargazer, texreg

Linking:

Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lme4 to link to this page.